Grain huller



Se?? 2 `193- E. LRENzEN v 1,774,717

lGRAIN HULLER Filed conge,- 1928 3 sheet-sheet 1 Sept. 2, v1930. E. LQRENZEN 1,774,717

GRAIN HULLER Filed Oct. 26, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 2, E. LoRENzEN GRAIN HULL'ER v Filed oct. 2e, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Sept. 2, 1930 'i UNi'isD s'mres sereni' orrics EDWARD LORENZEN, GLF MABSEALLTOWN, IOXVA GRAIN HULLER Application filed October 25, 19%. Serial No. 315,238.

This invention relates to a grain hulliiig Fig. l is a perspective view of the interior machine and While the invention is applicable of the machine;

for hulling and cracking various kinds of F ig. 2 is a top plan view thereof;

grain, it is particularly designed for hulling Fig. 3 is a vertical section in line with 3 3 V oats. of Fig. 2, as indicated by the arrow; 55

Oats is now used largely as a stock food and Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken on line it has been found that it makes a much bet- Ll-i of Fig. 3, as indicated by the arrow;

ter stock food when hulled. It is desirable Fig. 5 is a horizontal section taken on line to have a machine which will efficiently hull 5-5 of Fig. 3, as indicated by the arrow;

the oats, one which Will have a good capacity il g. G is a horizontal section taken on line @il and one which can be operated without eX- of F ig. 3, as indicated by the arrow; cessive power. It is also desirable to have Fig. is a fragmentary view of a portion means for separating the grain from the shown in Fig. 3, the same being shown on an hulls, together with means for returning any yenlarged scale;

unhulled grain to the hulling means. i Fig. 8 is a perspective view oi' a section. of

Y It is an object of this invention, therefore, the hulling casing wall showing a modificato provide a machine comprising a simple and tion;

eilicient grain hulling and separating device. Fig. 9 is a partial section taken on line It is a further object of the invention Vto 9 9 of Fig. 8, as indicated by the arrow, and provide a grain or oat hulling device coin- F ig. 10 is a vertical transverse section 7U prising a hulling means and a novel and eiiithrough a modified form of hulling cylinder cient form of separating means. wall.

It is another object of the invent-ion to Referring to the drawings, the machine as provide a grain or oat hulling device comprisshown comprises a casing l5 having snbing a casing having a. grain hulling means stantially vertical side walls l5, said wall 75 therein, a chamber for receiving the hulled forming with the bottom 15C of the casing. a grain, a separating means for the grain and substantially rectangular chamber open at its hulls including a fan., together with means for rear side. Said casing has at its front end a collecting and returning to the hulling means cylindrical portion or casing 15d which e3:-

any unhulled grain. tends between the side walls 15a. Said cas It is more specifically an object of the ining 15d has on its interior wall a corrugated vention to provide a grain or oat helling macoii'ering 16,' the corrugations which eX- chine, comprising a casing having a cylintend longitudinally of said The casdrcal huung means at one 9nd, a grain C01- ing 15d comprises an ontersection of substanlecting chamber at its other end into which tml-15 seml'cyhndmf'al follm which his s UP 8 the material from the hulling means is di- Pdg@ @C9/d m 315195 fofmed by PTO- ,.ected, a hopper above md feeding to Said goei-,ing plates lo]e and d saine is provided grain hulling means, a fan and casing at one 1th 1,??515. l? btd ,to Yetlfm angie mm" side of said hopper and a discharge conduit GTS l MSGSC hi'ie infiel finde Oflcslg 90 at the other side of said hopper having pas- 15 and akng he lce WMS L) Sam :ne sages communicating with the discharge conmembem emeudtg igmimrdly and 110721Z? n" l. C. tally to the rear of said side walls. The other duit of said fan and disposed at eacn side of o? rear Section of CEPT-m 15d is Seemed in fixed Sad hOPPefposition bythe side walls l5, he saine hav- These and other ob]ects and advantages; of ing at its top L hook ,Otwn 15g @Qagng 9a the invention will b@ fully Set 10T@ 1n ih@ around the end of wall l. The angleuiriemfollowing description made in connection with bers 17 are received Lt their bgigtoms in hol-ithe accompanying drawings, in which like Zontal angle members 18 at each side and the, reference characters refer to similar parts bottom of casing 15 which form supports for x throughout the several views, and in which said casing. The horizontal flanges of angle 1w r each end as shown in Fig. 1 so that said iaeinbers i'iorin in effect runners and the vertical ilanges have holes 18a therethrough adjarent their nids through which traction or securlagg,- devices i ay be inserted.

members 1S are bent upwa dlgY l extend along the rear side ot casinv 15, said ifi, l .N ange nienioeis angl-e inenibers meeting trie 17 at their upper ends.

TheJ inner wall 16, iorn hulling` ine: ns z lso preierarb sections the outer one o'f i' per edge received in end reeeired in the hooi; por Y lower end bolted to the botto'r the inner section of 15 by the bolts hailing; ineans is provided coi der 23 secured to the shall' bearings bolted to the Je 1T. Said shaftt 25 erywalls 1V"- lirrnz leV 23 has eircunil'ei'- or plaies .so

lr to die ill? and at an These luga L3 are secured. Cylinder entially spaced projeeei angle ot substantially 4:5 de;

23" have bolted thereto hull n' plaies or h; 2'?, the outer edges of which project beyond the outer edges ot' lugs Q3". rhe holes through lugs 23" 'through which pass the holts securing ba rs 2T 4hereto pi erahly will l e ong i right thereoit as shown in 2E. '.iid deileetor beingor angular or poni el shape with i L the point directed awav from the .',ipeningA 1r A hopper o3 is di hove easing having side walls 33a and .52 rhieh ronre f downwardly to the op eine 'the lower portions of which als ronr Cownwardly to the opening 15h. rThe ca ne' 1:3'Ll and wall 1G also have openings 1:i at il upper sides at either side oit the opvning 14n-l whieh o ienin communicate at either side. or hopp( r 33 with a pasy l stantially horizontal arrows ahora j:he section oi easing 15d as shown in 111m. 2 and by the arrows shown in Fig. (i. 'if he passage 15j has a top wall 15k, and a. h n )late 31 extends downvardly and iioiwrardljy ifr )in the frontend of said wall against which the inaterial issuing from openings 1V enga Vertical angle ineinbers'; 19

which will be later described. The baille plate 5 is provided with dmrnwardly eX- tending corrugations, as shown in Fig. 6.

A lian casing 35 is disposed at the cop of casing 15, at tl e rear end thereoiI and eentrzlly bet reen the sides thereof, the saine being shown as being supported ipon a transverselj.' ex ending angle nienib (5 wl ich ertends between angle nienihers 19. A deqeeror Ji' having downwardl;v converging walls meeting in a line is disiosrd below easing- C35 and lhe saine has a projectioi. 3i at ils rear side extending 'lown ward ly and curxfed somewhat to the rear. said derlei-tor being; disposed in Jdie casing15 and eI-cending;l across lhe full width thereof. "an easingV 35 has ciri lie i e dar o; unos or e3; e1. 55 at the sides thereo'l" with w'iich eozrinunicate conduits or exi ions 353i arin Lirical upper ends and dmvnwardly an iowrard f-:iantially paral f* extending; suhel walls be, said conduits ring;` open ena-s helow easing 35 and at each Y thus opening` into casplates Si) are disposed in conduits 3S between the walls $383 mounted to swingabout a common pivot all), subsiantially at the Abottoni oli casino- 3:3. said plates being` eo eeted to a Vol-:e or bail 41. which extends rearwardly between the side falls 15, The easing' 35 has a discharge passage L eiztending tangentially therefrom,

sa i i' the top of which is tornied by the rear hopper wall. 233, and the bottoni oi' winch is iornied by the wall 15 as well as the wall ST1 at the top ot the del'lector 37. This discharge passage divides into two passa`nr s s'l. which etitends on either side ol hopper 33 beneath the end walls Sil oi the hoppe' and within side walls 442" which are in alinenient with ldie side walls 1F, These pass i coniinunicate at their liront ends with a conzinon passage i3 beyond Yfront wall $33" of the hopper, which terms the rear wall of passage 43, said pas having` a Aliront wall 43a and the side cniwred wells 412, said passage having an open discharge end 4:3 at its npper liront sido, i ieh openi. iflireeed rorwardly as clea u shown in Jigs. 1 and 3. rl`he passage im as clearly shown in Fig. 3 converge towards its bottoni, and a bottoni wall 13 )rorided and a .screw :envoi/'or il is disposed adjacent' this wall which extends around. the lower portion oli the conveyor. rilhe conveyor LM has :z screw blade of opposite pitch at each end so that material is eenreyed to the center thereof. The passages 42 and L13 which communi(haie at their lower portions eoinn'uinicate through openings Ll-Bl with the lower part oi hopper 3?) so that inaterial moved inwardly by the conveyor 44 drops in the lower portion oi sa id hopper and can pass through opening` 15, A shaft Ll-l of Conveyor 11iis journaled in ybearings 115 secured to n'ienibers 1i'. One end oi' said shaft extends beyond one oi said bearings and has Uil loo

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secured theretoa pulley 46 over which runs a belt 47 .also running over a pulley 43 secured to one end of shaft 24. A' fan 49 is disposed in casing 35 having blades 49a secured to a spider or hub member 49bwhich is secured to a shaft 50 journaled in bearings ol secured to the top horizontal portions oi" members 17. Said shaft extends beyond one of said bearings and has secured thereto a pulleyl 52 over which runs a cross belt 53, also running over a pulley 54 secured to the outer end of shaft 24. Shaft 24 has secured toY its opposite end beyond its bearing a pulley 55 over which runs a driving belt 56. This will be connected to a suitable power pulley.

' ln operation the grain to be cleaned, .such as oats will be placed in the hopper 33. Powerwill be applied to belt 56 and pulley 55 so that cylinder 23 will be rotated at high speed. The grain feeds down through the opening l5 and passes into casing 15d within the wall 16. The grain is carried around by the cylinder 23 and particularly the blades 27 and impacted by said blades and thrown against the corrugations of wall 16. The grain is ell'ectively hulled and as it sweeps around the wall 16 as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 3, it isdetlected at either side of the bottom ot' hopper 33 by deflector 32 and passes out through the openings 1.5i. This ygrain which is discharged trom the casing ld with great force is thrown against the baille plate 34. The grain is thus checked in its movement and drops by gravity from the end ot' said plate, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 3. The corrugations in plate 34 tend to distribute the grain evenly thereover and the grain passes down in the groove formed by said corrugations. The tan 49 is driven troni the shaft 24 through the belt 53 and a strong suction is exerted through the eyes EL of the tan casing 35. The material passing around the ends of baille plate 34, is encountered by a strong current ot air moving upwardly into the eye of the tan through the conduits 33 and the loose hulls and the unhulled and partly hulled grain are carried upwardly into thetan casing 35. The force of the draught or air current passing into the tan can be regulated by adjustment ot the plates 39, this being done by moving the bail 4l. Said plates and bail are constructed to be ri'ctionally held in the position to which they are moved. The hulled grain drops down on the floor 15c and this can be shoveled up and removed from the rear side of the machine. The hulls, with the unhulled and partly hulled grain pass through casing 35 and are discharged by the fan through discharge passag-e 42. side 33a of hopper 33 and is divided into two streams which pass respectively throughthe passages 42, which, as stated, are at either side of hopper 33. Material, after passing This material encounters therearl the hopper and front wall 33b thereof, passes into the common passage 43. The area ot' the passage for this material is here greatly increased, and the velocity ot' the air current diminished. The hulls are carried upward as shown by the arrows in Fig. 3 and discharged through the opening 43h. Any unhulled or partly hulled grain drops to the bottom ot passage 43, onto the wall 43c and onto the trough formed thereby about the conveyor 44. Said conveyor is rotated from shaft 24 through the belt 47 and the unhulled and partly hulled grain is moved inwardly and passes thro ugh the openings 43d into the bottom ot' hopper so that it is again passed into the casing 15d and will be again treated by the huller. The feed of the material into the hulling means can be regulated by `adjustment ot the plate 29. The plate 37a limits the area oit the suction through the fan casing 35. The material is thus continuously fed to the machine and the unhulled and partly hulled. grain constantly returned to the hulling means so that only the hulled grain drops onto the licor l5. The machine thus operates continuously to produce per- 'ectly hulled grain and it is unnecessary to separate the product and handle the hulled or partially hulled grain to return it for further hulling. y

ln F 3 a section of wall 60 is shown which is ol" semi-cyclindrical lorm having longitudinally extending ribs 6l, said ribs being ot triangular shape. In cross section it will be noted that one side of said ribs eX- tends substantially radially, while the other is inclined at an angle ot substantially degrees to the radius. The wall between the ribs 6l is formed of sheet metal with stuckup pointed projections 62. The wall sections in Figs. 3 and 9 will be used when the machine is used for cracking corn and operating on other grains than oats.

ln Fig. l() a further modified iorm ot' semi-cylindrical wall 63 is shown. This section has a layer ol coarse sand paper 6ft-.on its inner side. Such a wall will be used for certain scouring operations and for scari'ty- .ing clover seed. lt will be understood that the sections shown in Figs. 3, 9 and 19 will be substituted for the wall 16 shown in Fig. 3.

From the above description it is seen that applicant has provided a very simple and eilicient machine for hulling oats and treating other grains. The machine operates continuously to produce the completely hulled oats and the structure is simple and can be made verv rugged and durable. The machine has been amply demonstrated in actual. practice and found to be very successful.

lt will, of course, be understood that various changes may be made in the form, details, arrangement and proportions of the apparatus without departing from the scope of applicants invention, which, generally stated,

consists in an apparatus capable of carrying out the objecf above set forth, such as disclo, d and dei'ined in the appended claims.

lwhat is claimed is l. A machine et the class described, having in combination, a casing having substantially vertical parallel side walls, a cylindrical portion at one end thereof and at its bottom, comprising a gra-in hulling means, a ian casing at its other end and top, and an open chamber at said latter end at its bottom, a passage leading from said cylindrical portion to said chamber and a passage lea-ding from raid tan casing to said chamber forming an inlet for said fan casing, a hopper above said cylindrical portion and at one side of said ian casing communicating at its bottom with said cylindrical portion, an outlet passage at the side of said hopper opposite said ian casing and discharge passages from said fan casing leading to said outlet passage and disposed at either side of said hopper.

2. The structure set forth in Claim l and a baile plate disposed in said chamber adjacent the discharge opening from said casino' against which the material is thrown whicn is discharged from said hulling means.

3. A machine of? the class described having in combination, hulling means compris a cylindrical casing, a hopper disposed above said cylindrical casing and having a tapered lower end con'nnunicating with said casing at its central portion, said casing having outiet openings at each side of said hopper, chamber communicating with said outlet openings, a fan casing at one side o'l said hopper having a downwardly dir eted inlet passage communicating with said chamber and having ldischarge passages disposed at cach side of said hopper, a discharge passage at the side of said hopper opposite said fan casing with which said discharge passages eoi'mnunicate, means at the bottom of said last mentioned passage for collecting material settling therein and returning the same to said hopper.

4. A machine of the class described having in combination, a hnlling means comprising a substantially cylindrical casing, a hopper disposed above said casing and having an opening at its lower end confminnicating with said easing substantially at the longitudinal center thereof, sai-d casing having rear- 'ardly directed discharge openings its upper end at either side ot the said .iirst inentioned opening, a passage into which the material is discharged from said discharge openings, a chamber communicating with said passage for receiving the hulled grain, pneumatic means for removing the hulls, unhulied grain and partially hulled grain from said chamber, an outlet passage t'or discharging the hulls to which said pneumatic means delivers, means at the bottom ot said outlet passage 'for collecting the unhulled grain and partially hulled grain and means for returning said unhulled grain and partially hulled grain to said hopper.

5. A machine of the class described having in combination, a. hulling means comprising a substantially cylindrical casing, a hopper above said easing having a tapered lower end communicating with an opening in said casing, said casing having discharge openings at either side of said hopper, a passage into which the material passes from said last mentioned openings, a balile means in said passage against which said material is discharged, a chamber communicating with said passage having means for receiving the hulled grain, a fan casing having an inlet conduit communicating with said chamber for removing theretrom the hulls, unhulled grain and partially hulled grain, discharge passages leading from said tan casing to either side ot' said hopper, an outlet passage with which said discharge passages communicate having an outlet opening for discharging said hulls and having bottom portions at either side oi said hopper for collecting the unhulled and partially hulled grain, said bottom portions having openings communicating with said hopper and means for moving said unhulled grain and partially hulled grain through said openings into said hopper.

G. A machine of the class described having in combination, a grain hulling means comprising acasing, a hopper disposed thereabove and having an opening connmmicating with said casing, said casing having a discharge opening, a chamber' into which the material from said casing is received, a fan casing enclosing a fan, having inlet passages communicating with said chamber and having a discharge passage, said discharge passage having branches disposed at each side of said hopper and an enlarged portion beyond said hopper having an open upper end. said discharge passage having a bottom portion communicating with the lower portion of said hopper.

7. A machine of the class described having in combination, a chamber adapted to receive material irom a hulling means, an inclined baiie against which said material ,is thrown and down which it slides and firom which it falls, suction means acting on said material as it falls from said baille for drawing the hulls and unhulled materiali upwardly, a passage through which said hnls and unhulled material pass, an upwardly extending passage through which said hu lare blown and discharged ly said means, a receptacle i at the bottom o sait t mentioned passage receiving said unhnlicd grain and means for i'noving said unhuiled grain to said hulling means.

8. A machine ot the class described having in combination, a hopper for receiving grain having an opening in its bottom through which grain is discharged to a hulling means, a chamber below said hopper into which hulled and unhulled grain and hulls are discharged from said hulling means, a fan, a fan casing enclosing said fan, a passage communicating with the inlet side of said fan casing and with said chamber to draw said unm hulled grain and hulls upwardly into said fan casing, discharge passages leading from said fan at each side of said hopper through which the hulls and unhulled grain are discharged, a wide passage with which said passages communicate extending upwardly at one side of said hopper and having a discharge outlet at its upper end through which said hulls are discharged, means for collecting the unhulled grain at the bottoni of said last mentioned passage and means for moving said unhulled grain to said hulling means.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

EDWARD LORENZEN. 

